Publications by year

2020
  • Xu, Z., Melville, B. W., Wotherspoon, L., & Nandasena, N. A. K. (2020). Stability of composite breakwaters under tsunami attack. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 146(4). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000571
  • Bastin, S., van Ballegooy, S., Mellsop, N., & Wotherspoon, L. (2020). Liquefaction case histories from the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake, New Zealand – Insights from an extensive CPT dataset and paleo-liquefaction trenching. Engineering Geology, 271. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105404​
  • Meite, R., Wotherspoon, L., Kaklamanos, J., McGann, C. R., & Hayden, C. (2020). Sensitivity of 1-D ground motion predictions to analysis codes and material models using KiK-net vertical arrays. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 133. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106113
  • Beskhyroun, S., Navabian, N., Wotherspoon, L., & Ma, Q. (2020). Dynamic behaviour of a 13-story reinforced concrete building under ambient vibration, forced vibration, and earthquake excitation. Journal of Building Engineering, 28, 16 pages. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2019.101066
  • Meite, R., Wotherspoon, L., McGann, C. R., Green, R. A., & Hayden, C. (2020). An iterative linear procedure using frequency-dependent soil parameters for site response analyses. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 130, 13 pages. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105973​
  • Williams, J. H., Wilson, T. M., Horspool, N., Paulik, R., Wotherspoon, L., Lane, E. M., & Hughes, M. W. (2020). Assessing transportation vulnerability to tsunamis: utilising post-event field data from the 2011 Tohoku tsunami, Japan, and the 2015 Illapel tsunami, Chile. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 20(2), 451-470. doi:10.5194/nhess-20-451-2020
  • Liu, Y., Wotherspoon, L., Nair, N. -K. C., & Blake, D. (2020). Quantifying the seismic risk for electric power distribution systems. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, doi:10.1080/15732479.2020.1734030​​
  • Thomson, E. M., Bradley, B. A., Lee, R. L., Wotherspoon, L. M., Wood, C. M., & Cox, B. R. (2020). Generalised parametric functions and spatial correlations for seismic velocities in the Canterbury, New Zealand region from surface-wave-based site characterisation. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 128, doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105834​​
2019
  • Cox, B. R., Stolte, A. C., Stokoe, K. H., & Wotherspoon, L. M. (2019). A direct-push crosshole (DPCH) test method for the in situ evaluation of high-resolution P- and S-wave velocities. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 42(5), 1101-1132. doi:10.1520/GTJ20170382
  • Plotnikova, A., Wotherspoon, L., Beskhyroun, S., & Yang, Z. J. (2019). Influence of seasonal freezing on dynamic bridge characteristics using in-situ monitoring data. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 160, 184-193. doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.02.006
  • Maurer, B. W., Green, R. A., van Ballegooy, S., & Wotherspoon, L. (2019). Development of region-specific soil behavior type index correlations for evaluating liquefaction hazard in Christchurch, New Zealand. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 117, 96-105. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.04.059
  • Maurer, B. W., Green, R. A., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Bastin, S. (2019). The stratigraphy of compound sand blows at sites of recurrent liquefaction: Implications for paleoseismicity studies. Earthquake Spectra, 35(3), 1421-1440. doi:10.1193/041818EQS097M
  • Blake, D. M., Stevenson, J., Wotherspoon, L., Ivory, V., & Trotter, M. (2019). The role of data and information exchanges in transport system disaster recovery: A New Zealand case study. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 39, 10 pages. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101124
  • Valizadeh, N., Shamseldin, A. Y., & Wotherspoon, L. (2019). Quantification of the hydraulic dimension of stormwater management system resilience to flooding. Water Resources Management, 33(13), 4417-4429. doi:10.1007/s11269-019-02361-1
  • Altaf, O., Wotherspoon, L., Orense, R. P., van Ballegooy, S., & Roberts, R. (2019). GIS-based microzonation for liquefaction-induced ground damage in Auckland Region. Japanese Geotechnical Society Special Publication, 6(2), 38-44. doi:10.3208/jgssp.v06.GIZ06
  • Bellagamba, X., Bradley, B. A., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Hughes, M. W. (2019). Development and validation of fragility functions for buried pipelines based on Canterbury Earthquake Sequence data. Earthquake Spectra, 35(3), 1061-1086. doi:10.1193/120917EQS253M
  • Foster, K. M., Bradley, B. A., McGann, C. R., & Wotherspoon, L. M. (2019). A V-S30 map for New Zealand based on geologic and terrain proxy variables and field measurements. Earthquake Spectra, 35(4), 1865-1897. doi:10.1193/121118EQS281M
  • Bellagamba, X., Bradley, B. A., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Lagrava, W. D. (2019). A decision-support algorithm for post-earthquake water services recovery and its application to the 22 February 2011 Mw 6.2 Christchurch earthquake. Earthquake Spectra, 35(3), 1397-1420. doi:10.1193/052218EQS119M​​
2018
  • Deschenes, M. R., Wood, C. M., Wotherspoon, L. M., Bradley, B. A., & Thomson, E. (2018). Development of deep shear wave velocity profiles in the Canterbury Plains, New Zealand. Earthquake Spectra. doi:10.1193/122717EQS267M
  • Vantassel, J., Cox, B., Wotherspoon, L., & Stolte, A. (2018). mapping depth to bedrock, shear stiffness, and fundamental site period at CentrePort, Wellington, using surface‐wave methods: Implications for local seismic site amplification. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 108(3B), 1709-1721. doi:10.1785/0120170287
  • Cubrinovski, M., Bray, J. D., de la Torre, C., Olsen, M., Bradley, B., Chiaro, G., . . . Krall, T. (2018). Liquefaction‐induced damage and CPT characterization of the reclamations at CentrePort, Wellington. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 108(3B), 1695-1708. doi:10.1785/0120170246
  • Bradley, B. A., Wotherspoon, L. M., Kaiser, A. E., Cox, B. R., & Jeong, S. (2018). Influence of site effects on observed ground motions in the Wellington region from the Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 108(3B), 1722-1735. doi:10.1785/0120170286
  • Bastin, S. H., Ogden, M., Wotherspoon, L. M., van Ballegooy, S., Green, R. A., & Stringer, M. (2018). Geomorphological influences on the distribution of liquefaction in the Wairau Plains, New Zealand, following the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 108(3B), 1683-1694. doi:10.1785/0120170248
  • Teague, D., Cox, B., Bradley, B., & Wotherspoon, L. (2018). Development of deep shear wave velocity profiles with estimates of uncertainty in the complex inter-bedded geology of Christchurch, New Zealand. Earthquake Spectra. doi:10.1193/041117EQS069M​
2017
  • Wood, C. M., Cox, B. R., Green, R. A., Wotherspoon, L. M., Bradley, B. A., & Cubrinovski, M. (2017). Vs-based evaluation of select liquefaction case histories from the 2010-2011 canterbury earthquake sequence. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 143(9), . doi:10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001754
  • Chen, C., Melville, B. W., Nandasena, N. A. K., Shamseldin, A. Y., & Wotherspoon, L. (2017). Mitigation effect of vertical walls on wharf model subjected to tsunami bores. Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami, 11(3), 19 pages. doi:10.1142/S179343111750004X
  • Wotherspoon, L. M., Palermo, A., & Holden, C. (2017). The 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikōura earthquake: an introduction. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), I-IV. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.i-iv
  • Woods, R. J., McBride, S. K., Wotherspoon, L. M., Beavan, S., Potter, S. H., Johnston, D. M., . . . Becker, J. S. (2017). Science to emergency management response: Kaikōura earthquakes 2016. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 329-337. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.329-337
  • Chandramohan, R., Ma, Q., Wotherspoon, L. M., Bradley, B. A., Nayyerloo, M., Uma, S. R., & Stephens, M. T. (2017). Response of instrumented buildings under the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 237-252. doi: 10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.237-252
  • Giovinazzi, S., Austin, A., Ruiter, R., Foster, C., Nayyerloo, M., Nair, N. K., & Wotherspoon, L. (2017). Resilience and fragility of the telecommunication network to seismic events: Evidence after the Kaikōura (New Zealand) earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 318-328. doi: 10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.318-328
  • Palermo, A., Liu, R., Rais, A., McHaffie, B., Andisheh, K., Pampanin, S., . . . Wotherspoon, L. (2017). Performance of road bridges during the 14 Kaikōura 2016 Kaikoura earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 253-270. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.253-270
  • Cubrinovski, M., Bray, J. D., de la Torre, C., Olsen, M. J., Bradley, B. A., Chiaro, G., . . . Wotherspoon, L. (2017). Liquefaction effects and associated damages observed at the Wellington Centreport from the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 152-173. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.152-173
  • Bradley, B. A., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Kaiser, A. E. (2017). Ground motion and site effect observations in the Wellington region from the 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 
    94-105. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.94-105
  • Stringer, M. E., Bastin, S., McGann, C. R., Cappellaro, C., El Kortbawi, M., McMahon, R., . . . Ntritsos, N. (2017). Geotechnical aspects of the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake on the South Island of New Zealand. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 117-141. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.50.2.117-141
  • Kaiser, A., Balfour, N., Fry, B., Holden, C., Litchfield, N., Gersten-berger, M., . . . Gledhill, K. (2017). The 2016 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake: Preliminary seismological report. Seismological Research Letters, 88(3), 727-739. doi:10.1785/0220170018
  • Kaiser, A., Van Houtte, C., Perrin, N., Wotherspoon, L., & McVerry, G. (2017). Site characterisation of Geonet stations for the New Zealand strong motion database. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(1), 39-49. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.50.1.39-49
  • Davies, A. J., Sadashiva, V., Aghababaei, M., Barnhill, D., Costello, S. B., Fanslow, B., . . . Wotherspoon, L. M. (2017). Transport infrastructures performance and management in the South Island of New Zealand during the first 100 days following the 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikōura earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 50(2), 271-299.
2016
  • Hogan, L. S., Wotherspoon, L., Beskhyroun, S., & Ingham, J. (2016). Dynamic field testing of a three-span precast-concrete bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 21(12), 5 pages. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000970
  • Chen, C., Melville, B., Nandasena, N., Shamseldin, A., & Wotherspoon, L. (2016). Experimental study of uplift loads due to tsunami bore impact on a wharf model. Coastal Engineering, 117, 126-137. doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2016.08.001
  • Lin, Y., Lawley, D., Wotherspoon, L., & Ingham, J. M. (2016). Out-of-plane testing of unreinforced masonry walls strengthened using ECC shotcrete. Structures, 7, 33-42. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2016.04.005
  • Pender, M., Orense, R., Wotherspoon, L., & Storie, L. (2016). Effect of permeability on the cyclic generation and dissipation of pore pressures in saturated gravel layers. Géotechnique, 66(4), 313-322. doi:10.1680/jgeot.SIP.15.P.024
  • Carter, W., Green, R., Bradley, B., Wotherspoon, L., & Cubrinovski, M. (2016). Spatial variation of magnitude scaling factors during the 2010 Darfield and 2011 Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 91, 175-186. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.09.044​
2015
  • Wotherspoon, L., Orense, R., Green, R., Bradley, B., Cox, B., & Wood, C. (2015). Assessment of liquefaction evaluation procedures and severity index frameworks at Christchurch strong motion stations. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 79(Part B), 335-346. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.03.022
  • Wotherspoon, L. M., Orense, R. P., Bradley, B. A., Cox, B. R., Wood, C. M., & Green, R. A. (2015). Soil profile characterisation of Christchurch central business district strong motion stations. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 48(3), 147-157. Retrieved from https://www.nzsee.org.nz/library/nzsee-quarterly-
    bulletin/
  • McGann, C. R., Bradley, B. A., Taylor, M. L., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Cubrinovski, M. (2015). Applicability of existing empirical shear wave velocity correlations to seismic cone penetration test data in Christchurch New Zealand. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 75, 76-86. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.03.021
  • Lin, Y. -W., Wotherspoon, L., & Ingham, J. (2015). Tensile properties of an engineered cementitious composite shotcrete mix. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 27(7), . doi:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001164
  • McGann, C. R., Bradley, B. A., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Cox, B. R. (2015). Comparison of a Christchurch-specific CPT-Vs correlation and Vs derived from surface wave analysis for strong motion station velocity characterisation. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 48(2), 81-91. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.48.2.81-91
  • McGann, C. R., Bradley, B. A., Taylor, M. L., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Cubrinovski, M. (2015). Development of an empirical correlation for predicting shear wave velocity of Christchurch soils from cone penetration test data. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 75, 66-75. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.03.023
  • Boese, C., Wotherspoon, L., Alvarez, M., & Malin, P. (2015). Analysis of anthropogenic and natural noise from multilevel borehole seismometers in an urban environment, Auckland, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 105(1), 285-299. doi:10.1785/0120130288
  • Siembieda, W., Teasley, R. L., & Wotherspoon, L. (2015). Policy adaption following cascading natural hazards: Case study of Christchurch, New Zealand. Journal of Integrated Disaster Risk Management, 5(2), 101-114. doi:10.5595/idrim.2015.0119
  • Simkin, G., Beskhyroun, S., Ma, Q., Wotherspoon, L., & Ingham, J. (2015). Measured response of instrumented buildings during the July 2013 Cook Strait earthquake sequence. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 48(4), 223-234. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.48.4.223-234​
2014
  • Lin, Y., Biggs, D., Wotherspoon, L., & Ingham, J. (2014). In-plane strengthening of unreinforced concrete masonry wallettes using ECC shotcrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 140(11), doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001004
  • Lin, Y., Wotherspoon, L., Scott, A., & Ingham, J. (2014). In-plane strengthening of clay brick unreinforced masonry wallettes using ECC shotcrete. Engineering Structures, 66, 57-65. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.01.043
  • Cubrinovski, M., Winkley, A., Haskell, J., Palermo, A., Wotherspoon, L., Robinson, K., . . . Hughes, M. (2014). Spreading-induced damage to short-span bridges in Christchurch, New Zealand. Earthquake Spectra, 30(1), 57-83. doi:10.1193/030513EQS063M
  • Green, R. A., Cubrinovski, M., Cox, B., Wood, C., Wotherspoon, L., Bradley, B., & Maurer, B. (2014). Select liquefaction case histories from the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence. Earthquake Spectra, 30(1), 131-153. doi:10.1193/030713EQS066M
  • Wotherspoon, L., Orense, R., Jacka, M., Green, R., Cox, B., & Wood, C. (2014). Seismic 
    performance of improved ground sites during the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence. Earthquake Spectra, 30(1), 111-129. doi:10.1193/082213EQS236M
  • Cubrinovski, M., Haskell, J., Winkley, A., Robinson, K., & Wotherspoon, L. (2014). Performance of bridges in liquefied deposits during the 2010-2011 Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 28(1), 24-39. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000402​
2013
  • Hogan, L. S., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Ingham, J. M. (2013). Development of New Zealand seismic bridge standards. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 46(4), 201-221. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.46.4.201-221
  • Lin, Y. W., Scott, A., Wotherspoon, L., & Ingham, J. M. (2013). Durability properties of sprayed engineered cementitious composite. ACI Materials Journal, 110(5), 503-512. doi:10.14359/51685901​
2012
2011
  • Lin, Y., DeRakhshan, H., Dizhur, D., Lumantarna, R., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Ingham, J. M. (2011). Testing and seismic retrofit of 1917 Wintec F block URM building in Hamilton. Structural Society of New Zealand Journal, 24(1), 47-57.
  • Green, R. A., Wood, C., Cox, B., Cubrinovski, M., Wotherspoon, L. M., Bradley, B., . . . Rix, G. (2011). Use of DCP and SASW Tests to Evaluate Liquefaction Potential: Predictions vs. Observations during the Recent New Zealand Earthquakes. Seismological Research Letters, 82(6), 927-938. doi:10.1785/gssrl.82.6.927
  • Cubrinovski, M., Bray, J. D., Taylor, M., Giorgini, S., Bradley, B., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Zupan, J. (2011). Soil Liquefaction Effects in the Central Business District during the February 2011 Christchurch Earthquake. Seismological Research Letters, 82(6), 893-904. doi:10.1785/gssrl.82.6.893
  • Green, R. A., Allen, J., Wotherspoon, L. M., Cubrinovski, M., Bradley, B., Bradshaw, A., . . . Algie, T. (2011). Performance of Levees (Stopbanks) during the 4 September 2010 Mw 7.1 Darfield and 22 February 2011 Mw 6.2 Christchurch, New Zealand, Earthquakes. Seismological Research Letters, 82(6), 939-949. doi:10.1785/gssrl.82.6.939
  • Wotherspoon, L. M., Bradshaw, A., Green, R., Wood, C., Palermo, A., Cubrinovski, M., & Bradley, B. (2011). Performance of Bridges during the 2010 Darfield and 2011 Christchurch Earthquakes. Seismological Research Letters, 82(6), 950-964. doi:10.1785/gssrl.82.6.950
  • Palermo, A., Wotherspoon, L. M., Wood, J., Chapman, H., Scott, A., Hogan, L., . . . Bruneau, M. (2011). Lessons learnt from 2011 Christchurch earthquakes: Analysis and assessment of bridges. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 44(4), 319-333. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.44.4.319-333
  • Cubrinovski, M., Bradley, B., Wotherspoon, L. M., Green, R., Bray, J., Wood, C., . . . Rix, G. (2011). Geotechnical aspects of the 22 February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 44(4), 205-226. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.44.4.205-226
  • Wood, M. C., Cox, B. R., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Green, R. A. (2011). Dynamic site characterization of Christchurch Strong Motion Stations. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 44(4), 195-204. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.44.4.195-204
  • Palermo, A., Le Heux, M., Bruneau, M., Anagnostopoulou, M., Wotherspoon, L. M., & Hogan, L. (2010). Preliminary Findings on Performance of Bridges in the 2010 Darfield Earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 43(4), 412-420. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.43.4.412-420​
2010
  • Cubrinovski, M., Green, R., Allen, J., Ashford, S., Bowman, E., Bradley, B., . . . Orense, R. P. (2010). Geotechnical Reconnaissance of the 2010 Darfield (Canterbury) Earthquake. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 43(4), 243-320. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.43.4.243-320
  • Wotherspoon, L. M., Sritharan, S., Pender, M. J., & Carr, A. J. (2010). Investigation on the Impact of Seasonally Frozen Soil on Seismic Response of Bridge Columns. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 15(5), 473-481. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000075
  • Wotherspoon, L. M., Sritharan, S., & Pender, M. J. (2010). Modelling the response of cyclically loaded bridge columns embedded in warm and seasonally frozen soils. Engineering Structures, 32(4), 933-943. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.12.019